![]() ![]() 1986: General Motors introduces an upgraded version of the ALDL protocol, which communicates at 8192 baud with half-duplex UART signaling on some models.1982: RCA defines an analog STE/ICE vehicle diagnostic standard used in the CUCV, M60 tank and other military vehicles of the era for the US Army.The specification for this link is as defined by GM's Emissions Control System Project Center document XDE-5024B. It reports real-time sensor data, component overrides, and Diagnostic Trouble Codes. The protocol communicates at 160 baud with Pulse-width modulation (PWM) signaling and monitors all engine management functions. Included in this system is a proprietary 5-pin ALDL that interfaces with the Engine Control Module (ECM) to initiate a diagnostic request and provide a serial data stream. 1981: General Motors introduces its "Computer Command Control" system on all US passenger vehicles for model year 1981.Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTC's) are displayed through the electronic climate control system's digital readout when in diagnostic mode. 1980: General Motors introduces the first data link on their 1980 Cadillac Eldorado and Seville models.These systems are also analog in nature, though some provide rudimentary diagnostic capability through factory tools, such as the Kent Moore J-25400, compatible with the Datsun 280Z, and the Cadillac Seville. 1975: Bosch and Bendix EFI systems are adopted by major automotive manufacturers in an effort to improve tail pipe emissions. ![]() This system is entirely analog with no diagnostic capabilities. 1968: Volkswagen introduces the first on-board computer system, in their fuel-injected Type 3 models.You can help by converting this section, if appropriate. This section is in list format but may read better as prose. Modern OBD implementations use a standardized digital communications port to provide real-time data in addition to a standardized series of diagnostic trouble codes, or DTCs, which allow a person to rapidly identify and remedy malfunctions within the vehicle. Early versions of OBD would simply illuminate a malfunction indicator light (MIL) or " idiot light" if a problem was detected, but would not provide any information as to the nature of the problem. The amount of diagnostic information available via OBD has varied widely since its introduction in the early 1980s versions of on-board vehicle computers. OBD systems give the vehicle owner or repair technician access to the status of the various vehicle sub-systems. On-board diagnostics ( OBD) is a term referring to a vehicle's self-diagnostic and reporting capability. Used to connect to the SAE J1962 Data Link Connector (DLC) found in many cars of the era. Various angles and details of a "MaxScan OE509" - a fairly typical onboard diagnostics (OBD) handheld scanner from the first decade of the 21st century. ![]()
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![]() ![]() Poets chose the nightingale as a symbol because of its creative and seemingly spontaneous song. The common nightingale has also been used as a symbol of poets or their poetry. Because of the violence associated with the myth, the nightingale's song was long interpreted as a lament. Eliot's " The Waste Land" also evokes the common nightingale's song (and the myth of Philomela and Procne). Ovid, too, in his Metamorphoses, includes the most popular version of this myth, imitated and altered by later poets, including Chrétien de Troyes, Geoffrey Chaucer, John Gower, and George Gascoigne. This myth is the focus of Sophocles' tragedy, Tereus, of which only fragments remain. Homer evokes the nightingale in the Odyssey, suggesting the myth of Philomela and Procne (one of whom, depending on the myth's version, is turned into a nightingale ). The common nightingale is an important symbol for poets from a variety of ages, and has taken on a number of symbolic connotations. ![]() The bird is a host of the acanthocephalan intestinal parasite Apororhynchus silesiacus. The most characteristic feature of the song is a loud whistling crescendo that is absent from the song of its close relative, the thrush nightingale (Luscinia luscinia). Nightingales sing even more loudly in urban or near-urban environments, in order to overcome the background noise. Singing at dawn, during the hour before sunrise, is assumed to be important in defending the bird's territory. Only unpaired males sing regularly at night, and nocturnal song probably serves to attract a mate. This is why its name includes "night" in several languages. Its song is particularly noticeable at night because few other birds are singing. The song is loud, with an impressive range of whistles, trills and gurgles. Early writers assumed the female sang when it is in fact the male. The name has been used for more than 1,000 years, being highly recognisable even in its Old English form nihtegale, which means "night songstress". Behaviour and ecology Ĭommon nightingales are so named because they frequently sing at night as well as during the day. īy contrast, the European breeding population is estimated at between 3.2 and 7 million pairs, giving it green conservation status ( least concern). A survey conducted by the British Trust for Ornithology in 20 recorded some 3,300 territories, with most of these clustered in a few counties in the southeast of England, notably Kent, Essex, Suffolk, and East and West Sussex. Despite local efforts to safeguard its favoured coppice and scrub habitat, numbers fell by 53 percent between 19. In the U.K., the bird is at the northern limit of its range which has contracted in recent years, placing it on the red list for conservation. annual precipitation less than 750 millimetres (30 in).more than 20 days/year on which temperatures exceed 25 ☌ (77 ☏).mean air temperature during the growing season above 14 ☌ (57 ☏).less than 400 m (1,300 ft) above mean sea level.Research in Germany found that favoured breeding habitat of nightingales was defined by a number of geographical factors. It nests on or near the ground in dense vegetation. The distribution is more southerly than the very closely related thrush nightingale Luscinia luscinia. It is not found naturally in the Americas. It is a migratory insectivorous species breeding in forest and scrub in Europe and the Palearctic, and wintering in Sub-Saharan Africa. Song recorded in Devon, England Distribution and habitat However, historically most people were not aware that female nightingales do not sing. The song of the male nightingale has been described as one of the most beautiful sounds in nature, inspiring songs, fairy tales, opera, books, and a great deal of poetry. africana) have paler upper parts and a stronger face-pattern, including a pale supercilium. It is plain brown above except for the reddish tail. The common nightingale is slightly larger than the European robin, at 15–16.5 cm (5.9–6.5 in) length. golzii) - The Aral Sea to Mongolia, wintering in coastal East Africaĭescription Male Luscinia megarhynchos africana) - The Caucasus and eastern Turkey to southwestern Iran and Iraq, wintering in East Africa megarhynchos) - Western Europe, North Africa and Asia Minor, wintering in tropical Africa ![]() Subspecies Distribution map of subspecies The genus name Luscinia is Latin for "nightingale" and megarhynchos is from Ancient Greek megas, "great" and rhunkhos "bill". "Nightingale" is derived from "night" and the Old English galan, "to sing". It belongs to a group of more terrestrial species, often called chats. ![]() It was formerly classed as a member of the thrush family Turdidae, but is now more generally considered to be an Old World flycatcher, Muscicapidae. The common nightingale, rufous nightingale or simply nightingale ( Luscinia megarhynchos), is a small passerine bird best known for its powerful and beautiful song. ![]() ![]() ![]() Developers may remove or cancel their free offers without warning. Please let us know if you found this article helpful, have questions, or just have a favorite free plugin you want to share. While their effects plugins can get pricey, it’s worth watching some of their tutorial videos – if only so you can get a jump on your Christmas list. Now that you have a sense of the worlds that can open up by plugging-in extra features and effects, go have a blast!Īnd speaking of having a blast, the first thing I would recommend is going to the MotionVFX website and just soaking everything they have built. You can also learn new Final Cut Pro editing techniques every Friday in Final Cut Pro Weekly with Nick Harauz and Jeff Greenberg. Instructor Nick Harauz helps you get up and running, cut a story, mix audio and deliver a final project. For free, you can make your movie title look like Star Wars Rogue One, Assassins Creed, or Fantastic Beasts. Final Cut Pro Essential Training is a video-based tutorial series that covers all aspects of Final Cut Pro. But there is more: This free pack also includes LUTs, great Titles, Mandalas, and a bunch of horizon-bending effects.įinally, Stupid Raisins offers three free customizable opening credit templates in its Movie Pop plug-in. Strange at your fingertips? Thanks to MotionVFX (again), those burning portals can be turned into your very own transitions. It’s all there – the green hue, the Transitions, the typeface and, of course, the falling numbers. These may be single-use, one-joke, plugins but I think that is exactly what free plugins are for: When you need just that one title, effect, or joke but don’t want to spend oodles of hours custom building it.įor the look of The Matrix, check out mMatrix from MotionVFX. Just consider this Transition plugin a groovy throwback to help signify a flashback with a bit of a wink at the same time. If you don’t know who/what Scooby Doo is, how about Austin Powers? No? Okay, never mind. Alex 4D Flashback (aka the Scooby Doo effect, by Alex Gollner) There will be one shot, one day, that just needs that jumpy grainy feel. Maybe the coolness of Super 8 has peaked, but I think every editor has to have an effect that makes footage look like it was shot on an old school Super-8 camera. An adjustment layer is particularly handy for color grading adding LUTs as all of the shots beneath the adjustment layer will quickly have the same look. For example, you can use object tracking to: Track a blurry circle to. The result is an animation in which the item follows the tracked object in the original clip. By placing one, like you would place a Title, over your entire movie any settings, formatting, or Effects you apply to it will apply to your whole movie. In Final Cut Pro, you can record the movement of an object in a video clip and then apply that recorded movement data to another item, such as a video effect, title, logo, or image. mAdjustment Layer (MotionVFX)Īn adjustment layer is a container for all kinds of effects. Three out of my four favorite productivity plug-ins come from a company called MotionVFX, and limiting it to three was hard because they make such great products and have so many free plug-ins and templates. ![]() Swish Transitions (Andy Mees via FxFactory) ![]() ![]() ![]() Continued abuse of our services will cause your IP address to be blocked indefinitely. Please fill out the CAPTCHA below and then click the button to indicate that you agree to these terms. If you wish to be unblocked, you must agree that you will take immediate steps to rectify this issue. ![]() If you do not understand what is causing this behavior, please contact us here. If you promise to stop (by clicking the Agree button below), we'll unblock your connection for now, but we will immediately re-block it if we detect additional bad behavior. Overusing our search engine with a very large number of searches in a very short amount of time.Using a badly configured (or badly written) browser add-on for blocking content.Running a "scraper" or "downloader" program that either does not identify itself or uses fake headers to elude detection.Using a script or add-on that scans GameFAQs for box and screen images (such as an emulator front-end), while overloading our search engine.There is no official GameFAQs app, and we do not support nor have any contact with the makers of these unofficial apps. Continued use of these apps may cause your IP to be blocked indefinitely. I can boot the game itself and play the regular game through the hub and everything, but when I got to the tutorial adventure in the early start of the Space stage, it says something about missing parts and boots me out in to space. but I can't seem to get this expansion to actually load adventures. This triggers our anti-spambot measures, which are designed to stop automated systems from flooding the site with traffic. I know this is an old game, so I don't have a lot of faith that I can get this resolved. Try disabling gamepad, or, if for some reason, you. Some unofficial phone apps appear to be using GameFAQs as a back-end, but they do not behave like a real web browser does. Sometimes the controls in game do not work because of the simultaneous connection of multiple input devices.Using GameFAQs regularly with these browsers can cause temporary and even permanent IP blocks due to these additional requests. If you are using the Brave browser, or have installed the Ghostery add-on, these programs send extra traffic to our servers for every page on the site that you browse, then send that data back to a third party, essentially spying on your browsing habits.We strongly recommend you stop using this browser until this problem is corrected. The latest version of the Opera browser sends multiple invalid requests to our servers for every page you visit.Enjoy this little gem of game (Shame on EA for not making the Spore games work on Steam right off the bat. and the Spore servers are actually working even for such an old game, and the Sporepedia creatures are so weird and amazing to explore and try out, so I am happy. ![]() The most common causes of this issue are: Spore Galactic Adventures needs to be connected in same way. Your IP address has been temporarily blocked due to a large number of HTTP requests. ![]() ![]() ![]() Those who played F-Zero will feel at home with Hyperzone, since they are graphically very similar. Who cares anyway? The core experience is the same on both versions! In Japan the game is spelled Hyper Zone (which I think is cooler) and has stages 1 and 3 swapped, besides presenting some minor differences in the soundtrack. However, Hyperzone is the only one I know of, standing as a crazy mix of F-Zero (the best racing game on the SNES, period) and Space Harrier. Given the strength provided by the impressive mode 7 scaling effects, one would assume the SNES was perfect for this kind of shooting games. The choice fell on Hyperzone for the Super Nintendo, in fact one of the few representatives of this sub-genre on this specific platform. If it helps I think it was originally a Japanese game and had a somewhat Japanese mecha aesthetic to the enemies.Still taking a serious beating from some other shooters I've been playing, I suddenly got in the mood for some mindless rail blasting a few days ago. I've been scratching my head for ages trying to figure out the games name, and even tried going through lists of onrails shooter games but no luck. Then the game starts and you start blasting away.Īt the start of the second stage, you dive underground via a bombed out hole in the ground and suddenly an underground train approaches you and almost hits you but you sidestep out of the way in the last second. Game was 2d sprites, not true 3d.Īnyway all I can remember is that at the intro, you're escorting or guarding some vip or group of vips then an attack occurs and the glass panels behind the vips (but obviously in front of your FOV) shatters and everyone scatters. The guns were basically machine guns with unlimited ammo (I think). Moving the guns moved an aiming reticle on the screen. ![]() Each player controlled their own gun which was mounted to the cabinet in the same fashion operation wolf mounts their uzis. Hi guys, when I was a kid I used to play this on rails shooter arcade game which was a two player game. On Old Reddit, use the dropdown lists on the top of the subreddit to explore the network. The RetroGaming Network consists of subreddits dedicated to classic consoles, computers, handhelds, and old school gaming in general. ![]() This is not a real rule that applies to users and is only used for reporting AutoModerator's comments. Use this option to report AutoModerator when it falsely reminds a user about flairs. If you use such bots you must verify the information is correct, preferably with a link to gameplay. No mindless copy-pasting of AI-generated answersĪI chatbots (such as ChatGPT) are not search engines and often make up information. This is not a hard rule, however, for best results, follow the template below when writing your post. We heavily recommend you use the post template It is important for searchability if others are looking for the same game.ħ. If your post is solved, please write 'Solved: gamename' and make sure you do not delete your post. Note that if you don't know the platform or the year, you can still post using tag, e.g. If the title of your post doesn't include two pairs of square brackets followed by a short description, your post will be auto-removed. Mario, for example, might be " Game about a plumber". ![]() Post titles must be formatted as SHORT DESCRIPTION OF GAMEĪll posts must conform to this format. All such posts should go on /r/ThatEvilFarmingGame.ĥ. Posts searching for the evil farming game are also banned. These just get in the way of people who are genuinely looking for a game. This applies to submissions that are intended as jokes. This includes all forms of discrimination, as well as generally rude comments. There's no need to be rude or hateful on this subreddit. Check here to find out how to mark your own posts. If a post is solved, but not marked, it will be marked by one of the mods. Exceptions are made for games that are part of a compilation such as a demo disk. If you're looking for multiple games, you should make multiple posts. Be sure to help out if you think you may have an answer to someone else's post! Just post your description, and hopefully someone will be able to identify it. This is a subreddit for finding the name of a game that you can't remember. ![]() ![]() In raster formats picture represents a two-dimensional grid of pixels. What does image to vector conversion mean?There are two ways to represent a two-dimensional image, raster and vector graphics. Apply our converting toll and get all the benefits of vector graphics! We support many unique settings for JPG Converter that assist you in creating the perfect output files. JPG Converter allows transform “image to vector” with high quality, clear and fast. Convert JPG to SVG and take all advantages of vector graphics! SVG gives you the ability of indefinitely scaling. In other words, vector SVG pictures are resizable and zoomable in a browser without losing any quality. SVG format has all the vector graphics advantages. Unlike bitmap graphics, vector images are resizable and scalable without losing any quality, and they will still display out just as clearly. For example, scaling a bitmap to enlarge it without changing the resolution will lose quality and appear blurry or pixelated. The bitmap quality depends on the number of pixels that make up the image and the value of resolution that determines how many pixels are displayed per inch. What is JPG to vector conversion for?Raster images are pixel-based, so they are resolution-dependent. Convert JPG to vector in any way - online or programmatically! They are open source and can be freely used in your own applications. You can download the examples and showcase projects from the GitHub repository. Try our forceful JPG Converter for free now!ĭo you want to integrate JPG Converter into your application? - It's very fast and easy! Please visit the Vectorization - Basic Overview section in our documentation site. ![]() Upload, convert JPG to vector in a few seconds. JPG Converter allows you to convert JPG to vector SVG format. Vector file format is widely used on the web and has a number of advantages. Vector objects are constructed and stored as a set of commands, numbers, formulas, not in a pixel grid as in bitmaps. SVG document is a text file that describes images as geometric primitives: lines, curves, shapes, text, etc. Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG) is an XML language for creating two-dimensional vector and mixed vector/raster graphics. Convert JPG to vector easily!Converting is required for various reasons: to work in a familiar, convenient format or to take advantage of different formats for specific tasks. ![]() ![]() Their great skill is their capacity to escalate. Sandcastles, houses of cards, that’s where they begin. I guess humans like to watch a little destruction. The Book Thief takes place in Munich, Germany on the eve of and then during WWII, and Markus Zusak presents the very human side of war, the strength of individuals and the many complex reasons for their actions. Zusak discusses this key decision and more in this video interview: Source Compelling themes It suffices to say that at some point in time, I will be standing over you, as genially as possible. You will know me well enough and soon enough, depending on a diverse range of variables. ‘Where are my manners? I could introduce myself properly, but it’s not really necessary. In my humble opinion, an author that can make his audience feel empathy for Death has a special talent. This Death has a heart and an ironic sense of humour. But Zusak’s Death is not the one-dimensional character we are used to. Markus Zusak’s decision to cast Death as the narrator was an absolute master-stroke. Could a book about The War really be that original? I had also read so many rave reviews that I must admit I was a little sceptical. Why? Probably because The Book Thief is almost 600 pages long and classified as ‘young adult’ fiction, a genre I am not normally drawn to. I had this widely acclaimed novel by Australian author Markus Zusak on my to-be-read list on my Kindle for an embarrassingly long time. Genre: Literature, Historical, Drama, Action-Adventureĭisclosure: If you click a link in this post and make a purchase, I may earn a small commission. ![]() When Liesel’s foster family hides a Jewish fist-fighter in their basement, Liesel’s world is both opened up, and closed down. Soon she is stealing books from Nazi book-burnings, the mayor’s wife’s library, wherever there are books to be found.īut these are dangerous times. ![]() So begins a love affair with books and words, as Liesel, with the help of her accordion-playing foster father, learns to read. It is The Gravedigger’s Handbook, left there by accident, and it is her first act of book thievery. By her brother’s graveside, Liesel’s life is changed when she picks up a single object, partially hidden in the snow. It will be the first of many near encounters. On the journey, Death visits the young boy, and notices Liesel. Liesel’s father was taken away on the breath of a single, unfamiliar word – Kommunist – and Liesel sees the fear of a similar fate in her mother’s eyes. Liesel Meminger and her younger brother are being taken by their mother to live with a foster family outside Munich. Death has never been busier, and will become busier still. ![]() ![]() ![]() She can also use her Rising Slash in the air now, giving her a more traditional double jump. Lilac retains her moves from FP1 but benefits from her new Boost Breaker ability, which allows her to jump out of her Dragon Boost at any time and create a damaging explosion in its wake.As friendships are tested, will the girls stand united when Bakunawa rises?įreedom Planet 2 is a sequel to the indie platformer Freedom Planet, currently available for PC/Mac/Linux on Steam:įor 2, we're refining the smooth momentum-based action of the original game and adding new abilities, powerups, stages, and more! Here's our current plans for the full version of the game:įour Characters!Four playable characters available from the start, each with their own unique fighting style: Lilac the Dragon Girl (Speed Type), Carol the Wildcat (Brawler Type), Milla the Hound (Explorer Type), and Neera the Frost Knight (Power Type). War is imminent once again, but this time, the heroes are split between sides. Merga, a water dragon from Avalice's oldest and deadliest war, has been freed from her crystal prison as a consequence of the Kingdom Stone's destruction. Join the heroes of Avalice as they face their greatest challenge yet! An ancient terror has emerged from the depths of the ocean. Use the link below to try out Freedom Planet 2 for yourself! Currently available for PC and Mac. ![]() Greenlight is a Go! Clicky the link and go vote to get the sequel to this awesome adventure rolling on Steam! ![]() ![]() The first time you fight a phantom who controls mechanical sharks, you may tear up a little. The villains and haunts are instantly recognizable from plots from the show. The cards and rule books humorously explain the rules in the voice of each character. The artwork on each of the rooms captures the animation style perfectly. Scooby-Doo! definitely has a younger audience in mind the haunt rules are not terribly complex, and the players are given the option of sharing the information from the heroes and villains haunt books with each other.įor those of us that grew up on the original Scooby-Doo! cartoon show, the Betrayal at Mystery Mansion is satisfyingly nostalgic. If the player who caused the haunt does not want to be a villain, someone else can volunteer to trade characters.) The haunt, like the original, depends on what clue was drawn in which room. You roll 5 dice, and if you roll lower than the number of clues discovered the haunt begins! Here, instead of transforming into a werewolf or suddenly being possessed by a ghoul, the character who caused the haunt is “dropped through a trapdoor”, and the player who controlled them now gets to control the villain! (Here, too, the game gives you more choice than the original. Each clue moves the haunt track up one number, and after each clue is drawn, the player rolls a haunt roll. Each room has a symbol that tells you what you need to draw-an event, an item, or a clue ( Scooby-Doo! style omen). A turn consists of moving through the inside or outside of Mystery Mansion, flipping up a tile from the pile as a new area is discovered, and stopping whenever they draw a card. ![]() If a spook is your goal, choose the “case of the sinister spirit”.Įach player chooses then a character (Fred, Velma, Shaggy, Daphne, and of course Scoobs) who has a unique set of attributes and-new in this version-a special ability. If you want to go after a robot, you choose the “case of the manmade menace”. This gives more control of the end game to the players. The players get to choose the mystery they will try to solve, which narrows the available haunts. For veterans of the original, the mechanics of the Scooby-Doo! version are the same, while there are some new elements. The newest offering from Avalon Hill, Scooby-Doo! Betrayal at Mystery Mansion, released in July this year, is a wonderfully nostalgic version of the original that solves those problems for a younger or more casual audience. The adult themes of the game and amount of reading required can be hard for a young audience. And the in-game betrayal is designed so the players have incomplete information whether they are the monster or not, which can lead to frustration as an hour into a game you suddenly have to learn new rules and you do not know all of them. Betrayal claims to be a 60 minute game, but can last twice as long. It’s a great game for serious gamers, however certain aspects turn off some people. It’s a fun experience that references every major horror trope either directly or with cheeky asides. Mysterious artifacts called “omens” are gathered, until one triggers the Haunt, when one of the players becomes a monster and the game shifts from exploration to survival. As players, everyone explores a terrifying mansion that gets revealed one room at a time as each player walks into the unknown. Since 2004, Betrayal at the House on the Hill has been the go-to scratch for the haunted house game itch. We get to dim the lights and bust out the board games that go bump in the night. It’s fall, and there are monsters and mysteries. We can dream about exploring haunted houses. In the year that seems to go on forever, we have made it to hot cider weather. It will be available on May 15th in North America and we can’t wait to play it.It’s spooky season. The Scooby Doo version of Betrayal side steps all that by telegraphing the start of the haunt and having someone switch roles midway through the game as opposed to hiding it the whole time. Hidden traitor mechanics are problematic for kids because they aren’t very good at bluffing very often and it isn’t a great idea to teach them how to get better at it. Once that happens one of the players switches sides and plays the roll of the “Monster” during the Haunt Phase. The real action stats once you find enough clues to understand what’s going on. Players each play as a member of the Mystery, Inc team as they explore a spooky mansion looking for clues and searching for a monster. ![]() It includes twenty five all new haunts based on fan favorite episodes and movies. Scooby Doo: Betrayal at Mystery Mansion is a kid friendly board game based on the award-winning Betrayal at House on the Hill board game. Avalon Hill has announced the newest Betrayal at House on the Hill game and this time its going to be one for the family. ![]() ![]() In order for American Indian students to succeed, they must believe that the school respects them and has full confidence they can succeed. It is imperative that schools recognize that the materials used in the classroom effect the students that they teach. If a book like this is to be used at all, it must first be used with lesson plans that explain stereotypes and propaganda, and how they were used to undermine American Indian people in order to inflict genocide in the pursuit of Westward expansion. The fact that the book completely misrepresents historical truth is yet another reason to remove it from the school. A book like Sign of the Beaver reminds American Indian children of the hateful attitudes of non-Indians in the past, and brings those attitudes into the classroom today. American Indian children need all the support they can get in order to be successful in school. Historically, education has not been kind to American Indian people and as a result, parents who had negative experiences with their own schooling may not encourage their children to complete their education. However, on reservations and in border towns, these rates can soar to 30-50%. In some urban areas, those rates may average around 10-20 percent. ![]() Some American Indian children may feel that a school that promotes such material is offering them the blatant message that the school harbors anti-Indian feelings towards them.Īmerican Indian students suffer higher drop-out rates than any other ethnic group. American Indian children may also experience anger and shame when confronted with certain books and material, particularly when they feel they have been misrepresented or history is wrongly depicted. In our experience, we have found that certain kinds of material, especially involving stereotypes, used in the classroom can contribute to civil rights violations. Students and Teachers Against Racism is an organization whose purpose is to identify and remove discrimination against American Indian students from the classroom and from curriculum. A report on the effects of The Sign of the Beaver, by Elizabeth George Speare ![]() |
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